Theme A: The role of releases of cultured animals in fisheries management and ecosystem restoration: integrative evaluation
6. LARGE-SCALE ASSESSMENTS OF THE EFFECT OF KURUMA PRAWN STOCKING USING DNA MARKERS IN JAPAN
Sugaya Takuma 1, AZECHI K 2, KANAZAWA T 3, ARAKI K 4, MIYAZAKI T 5, TSUKUDA M 6, OKA M 7
1 National Institute Of Fisheries Science
2 Oita Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center, Fisheries Research Division
3 Fisheries and Marine Technology Research Center, Fukuoka Prefecture
4 Kumamoto Prefectural Fisheries Research Center, 5 Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Fisheries
5 Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Fisheries
6 Saga Prefectural Genkai Fisheries Research and Development Center
7 National Research Institute of Aquaculture 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
tsugaya@affrc.go.jp
Kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus is a marine shrimp widely distributed from temperate to tropical zones of the world. While this prawn is one of the most famous fishery animals in Japan, the fishery yield has rapidly declined during late 1960’s. From such a situation, stock enhancement programs with annual release of approximately 150 million hatchery-reared individuals have been promoted mainly in southern Japan for about 30 years. However, the stocking effects of such the mass prawn release were not examined directly, although the experimental releases of tagged individuals was performed many times to presume the stocking effects.
In this study, we have performed large-scale assessments of the stocking effects of kuruma prawn using a mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) and three microsatellites DNA (msDNA) markers in three coastal areas (Saiki Bay, Suo-nada and Ariake Sea) where several millions of prawns have been released annually. During 2006 to 2010, we collected 1591 dams and 4261 wild-caught kuruma prawns from hatcheries and fish markets, respectively. Pedigree analyses showed that 4 to 12 % of the wild-caught prawns were released seeds, and the comparisons of monthly mix rates of the seeds between the fish markets showed relatively rapid dispersions of the seeds. Besides, the genetic impact of prawn stocking was examined based on the relatedness analysis of continuously sampled wild individuals in Saiki Bay. Although mean relatedness in the samples estimated by three MS-DNA markers were almost zero, the relatedness among the individuals sharing common haplotypes in nucleotides sequences analysis of mtDNA control region were from 0.126 to 0.458, suggesting the dominance of the hatchery-reared juveniles around the stocking area.
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