Poster Abstract
22. COMPARATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF PSP TOXINS IN VARIOUS TISSUES OF PEN SHELL ATRINA PECTINATA EXPOSED TO BLOOM OF TOXIC RED TIDE
Ronald Jefferson A. Narceda1, Ulysses M. Montojo1, Mirriam F. Cayme1, Valeriano M. Borja1, Marc Lawrence J. Romero2
1 Department of Agriculture, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI), 940 Quezon Avenue, Quezon City 1100, Philippines
2 Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR), Elliptical Road, Diliman, Quezon City 1100, Philippines
jeffnarceda_16@yahoo.com
Pen shell Atrina pectinata is one of the commercially important bivalves in Asia-Pacific region. In the Philippines, it is marketed as a whole meat or processed by shellfish harvesters to separate the adductor muscle as an export commodity. During blooms of toxic dinoflagellate Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum (Pbc), A. pectinata accumulates paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins sometimes exceeding Philippine regulatory limit of 60µgSTXeq/100g tissue and international regulatory limit of 80µgSTXeq/100g tissue for safe human consumption, based on whole tissue analysis. Toxic blooms directly affect the shellfish industry which includes A. pectinata, and this causes not only significant economical losses on shellfish gatherers but also serious public health concerns. In this study, samples of A. pectinata exposed to toxic bloom of Pbc were collected in Sorsogon Bay, Philippines. Bioaccumulation and distribution of PSP toxins were determined in different tissues namely, adductor muscle, mantle, gills, gonads, siphon, stomach and intestine using High Performance Liquid Chromatography post column derivatization method with fluorescence detection. Likewise, green mussels being the sentinel species for PSP monitoring in the Philippines were also collected in the same area and served as control. Interestingly, results showed that adductor muscle accumulates minimal level of PSP toxins and is several folds lower than the Philippine and international regulatory limits in contrast with the results obtained from green mussels. Mantle parts showed toxicity values exceeding local regulatory limit and near to go beyond the international regulatory limit. On the other hand, the remaining parts showed high toxicity values surpassing both regulation limits. Subsequently, standard mouse bioassay regularly used in PSP monitoring in the Philippines was also performed and revealed that the adductor muscle had non-detectable level of toxins. Toxicity values from different tissues and shellfish body lengths or age were also assessed and were found to be uncorrelated. Noteworthily, STX was the only toxin detected in the adductor muscle suggesting a bioconversion of all other toxin derivatives. Most importantly, adductor muscle of A. pectinata accumulates minimal toxicity level, thus removal of this part from the whole body for marketing suggests safe human consumption despite toxic red tide bloom, provided with strict quality assurance application on the said product.
Keywords: Atrina pectinata; Adductor Muscle; Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins
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